Great Gatsby Essay, Character Corruption Essay Example for Free

Great Gatsby Essay, Character Corruption Essay Throughout the novel of The Great Gatsby corruption is a prevalent and reoccurring theme and lies within most characters. They become overwhelmed with their own self desires and goal to gain material possession that it blocks their true vision of innocence and morality. Daisy for example is introduced into the book as an innocent dedicated wife to Tom but as the book progresses there is an evident change in her character as she becomes increasingly corrupt. By the end of the book Daisy is selfish, destructive and careless as she handles the situation between her husband, Tom, and her ex lover, Gatsby. For example of her being careless, she lets Gatsby take the blame for her killing of Myrtle Wilson which eventually leads to Gatsby’s death which she seems to show no concern. She is destructive by cheating on her husband while having no real intentions of leaving him for Gatsby. Tom from the beginning of the novel was always seen as corrupt when he has an ongoing affair with Myrtle to satisfy his own needs and leave those needs and feelings of Daisy behind him. He focuses more on monetary value of things and his own self appearance than to the care which Daisy requires out of him as a husband. Tom is also a hypocrite in a way when he catches Daisy and realizes what she has been doing behind his back, he becomes fierce and angry with her while at the same time he has been doing the same behind her back for years. Jordan Baker is also extremely corrupt because of her dishonesty and her need to gossip. She is a social climber who will cling to anyone who means anything or has money for her to grasp onto. She will do whatever it takes to win or get her way, as shown when she cheats in her round of golf to win the tournament. Everything she does is for show and has no regard for other people or their feelings. She goes to Gatsby’s parties with no real concern for who he is while showing no gratitude or thanks for having the party. She is constantly looking out for herself and only herself trying to figure out ways in which she can be seen and become popular in the West and East Egg community. When Daisy was having her affair with Gatsby, Jordan supported her and was behind her during the whole thing, another example of corruption within Jordan. The people of West and East Egg are also all corrupt and consumed with themselves. This is shown when Gatsby dies because only two people show up to his funeral Nick and his father. These people attending his parties have no care for him or his house while they’re there and cannot even pay respect to a man that has died and has given every one of them more then he needed to. Gatsby himself is also a corrupt character in the book yet not nearly as blatantly as the others. Gatsby is corrupted by love and his dream to be with Daisy. Everything he’s ever done in his life such as the money he’s made and the parties he throws are for the slightest chance of him becoming reacquainted with his lost love, Daisy. He is constantly being used by everyone in West and East Egg as an outlet to their everyday lives. They have no regard for who he is and nor do they care. The people come and go as if it is routine for these parties and show no thanks to Gatsby. He has no true friends besides Nick in Egg. Gatsby, over the time of becoming rich has become overwhelmed and brought into the world of expensive material things all to impress Daisy, who previously could not be with him because he was not wealthy. All he can do is show that off so that in the slight chance she comes to one of his parties he can show her is wealth and what he has become. Gatsby is so drawn into and brain-washed over Daisy that she is all he can think about and all he sees is that green light across the bay, dreaming of the time when he and Daisy can finally be together again. This dream is crushed though because he cannot compete with Tom. Tom being categorized under ‘old money’ while Gatsby is categorized under ‘new money’ and big distinction in the communities of West and East Egg. He has devoted his life to becoming an exclusive member to the ‘old money’ people in Long Island but will never be able to reach that goal which corresponds to his goal of end up with Daisy. Corruption is an over arching theme throughout The Great Gatsby and all characters seem to reveal it in their own way with the exception of Nick who stays true to his midwest routes. Nick is never consumed in the material world or has the desire for anything greater than which he already has while all the other characters are always greedy and have desire for more things. They are all absorbed in their own world and worries that they have no time to see what others are doing or how they feel which is an easy way to lead to a corrupted lifestyle.

Deregulation In The Electric Industry :: essays research papers fc

Electricity is the principal force that powers modern society. It lights buildings and streets, runs computers and telephones, drives trains and subways, and operates all variety of motors and machines. Yet most people, despite their great dependence on electrical power, hardly give it a thought. They flip a switch, turn a key, or pick up a phone and expect the power to be there without fail. The almost-century old structure of the American electric utility industry is in need of change. Almost all interested parties accept the fact that technological change and altered views of the nature of government intervention have made the idea of increased competition attractive (Johnson 35). But just how should the competitive market be structured? Some participants want complete deregulation so they can derive the fullest benefits of competition quickly. Others argue that the unfettered free market, however, will cause hardship and inequities (36). Stability in electrical power has traditionally depended on a system highly regulated by federal and state government. In recent years, however, many leaders in government and industry alike have pushed for deregulating the system to make it more responsive to changes in business and technology and more open to the forces of free-market competition (Craven C5). Deregulation has been successful in reducing costs and promoting innovation in airlines, natural gas, telecommunications and other industries. The electric industry is next. Initial steps to deregulate electrical power are now being taken in the United States and Canada. Today the subject is being actively debated in board-rooms and state-houses across the Continent. Everyone is wondering what deregulation will do to the industry. People do not know how it will affect businesses and consumers, and they are debating whether to move fast or slow with deregulation. The "open access" rule of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission went into effect on July 9, 1996. Known as Order 888, it applies only to wholesale transactions. It requires public utilities that own, operate, or control transmission lines to charge other firms the same transmission rates they charge themselves, under comparable terms and conditions of service (Encarta "Deregulation"). This will open control of the market, and it will prevent utilities from denying transmission grid access through prohibitively high rates. Public utilities, municipal utilities, and rural cooperatives are the only customers that are able to purchase wholesale power for resale. Office buildings provide the power to their end users, but the tenants, building

Representation of Partition of India in Sunlight on a Broken Column, Ice-Candy Man, and 1947 Earth

Partition of India, which is almost overlooked in traditional historiography with India’s Independence and Birth of Pakistan, led to one of the largest and bloodiest migrations in the history of the world. Sunlight on a Broken Column, Ice-Candy Man and 1947 Earth are all set in the same time span and portray Partition in quite different ways. Different as in not only different from each other, but also different, more significantly, from the way it is portrayed in traditional historiography. Traditional historiography merely gives facts and figures without examining all its social, political, economical, cultural and psychological effects. Also, it is largely governed by national biases and hence, tends to sweeps under the carpet anything that projects a negative image of the nation or raises a finger at its pet ideologies. Hence, it not only fails to give a true picture but is also, incapable of examining â€Å"why? † or linking the past with the present as in bringing out the relevance of it as of now. The above three texts, to a lesser or greater extent do precisely that, as in question the traditional historiography. And, I think that’s where their merits lie. Sunlight on a Broken Column which focuses chiefly on how it was an era of changes and change whether it be for good or for bad cannot occur without pain examines the causes of partition most effectively. Not only was it the end of colonial rule, resulting into a power struggle between Hindus and Muslims (with Muslims having ruled over India for centuries before British and the Hindu dominated Congress gaining power after them) but, it also marked the end of feudalism which is very significant as in it brings to light the power struggle that occurred amongst Hindus and Muslims themselves. A society based on class (feudal lords) was being replaced to that governed by caste (Congress, Muslim league). That is, change or reversal of Power roles occurred not just at a political level between Hindus and Muslims or British and Indians (as in colonial India) but, also at a social level amongst the Hindus as well as amongst the Muslims themselves. To quote from the text: â€Å"For times had changed sadly since the integration of the Princely States, and Their Highnesses were left with itles, no states, reduced incomes and unchanged habits and tastes, To play polo, entertain, race, drink, flirt or fornicate with the proper air of aristocratic nonchalance needed co-operation between those who had the means and those who had the titles. † Also, psychologically, it brings out the conflict between modernity and tradition as in the Laila, â€Å"I felt I lived in two worlds; an observer in an outside world, and solitary in my own†¦. Because on one hand was the very strong urge to cling to all that was Indian as in not imported or forced on by the British while, on the other hand was the need and desire to break free from the old, rotten customs. Or in other words, an individual’s cultural identity was being questioned. Which, on summing up gives a very different cause of the riots and the massacre, as in it was â€Å"A resistance to change that changed everything†. That is, contrary to what we would like to believe, British might be one of the several reasons but, they are certainly not the only ones to blame. The causes were manifold and lay very much within India. Divide and rule policy of British was not the only reason. This fact is also brought out through Saleem’s character in the text. Saleem believed and blamed the divide and rule policy of British initially but, later his opinions changed he blamed the Congress leaders (very much Indian! ) instead and himself become a supporter of the Muslim League. Partition did not occur all of a sudden but, it was a gradual process that occurred at all levels, most importantly, inside the minds of people! Talking about the implications, it happens to be the only text among the all three which talks of breaking up of families (or partition within them) due to the geographical partition of India. It also brings out the economical implication as in loss of property due to evacuee property being allotted to refugees by having to not only move out of the old zenana but, also sell it and the bitterness caused in Aunt Siara because of it. Besides, by writing about the partition chiefly in the last section as a retrospect which has a very strong sense of nostalgia running through it she emphasizes the fact that the past won’t ever return but, won’t ever be forgotten as it’s effects are everlasting and especially for those who suffered in partition (loss of near and dear ones etc) tomorrows will always be yesterdays. But, on the negative side it is very much a Pro India, Pro Gandhi novel, a very very strongly biased text. For eg, it kind of patronizes the Muslims who stayed in India while, calling those who left â€Å"traitors†. Also, the novel manipulates the readers’ sympathies towards the characters very effectively which in turn are linked to the ideologies they stand for. For eg, in the arguments between Kemal and Saleem one tends to clearly sympathize with Kemal, same with Laila vs Zahra and also, Laila vs Nadeera (towards the end). And, most importantly, Asad who is portrayed as someone to be looked up to and respected stands for the Gandhian ideology. The novel ends with a kind of moral preaching by Asad, and Laila, a confused person who follows no particular ideology accepting him and embracing his ideology. Towards ‘the end’, there is the sense that the Gandhian Ideology wins. Perhaps coz she’s trying to imply that now it’s the only possible solution to the problem left. But, most importantly of all, the abduction of women is very marginally mentioned and ‘women’s recovery camp’ is only indirectly hinted to in an otherwise feminist text. Though, she does question patriarchal power system by the character of Sita. Unlike the Ramayana’s Sita, this Sita stays by her own personal choice with Ravana and questions Ram’s ideology by saying, â€Å"I think it is the sense of possession in a man that is hurt, not his sense of morality†. But, it’s quite indirect not an obvious link. On the whole, through Sunlight on a Broken Column, Attia Hosain presents a more or less complete picture of Partition and fills up a lot many gaps in traditional historiography and though indirectly, questions almost all of its basic assumptions. Ice-Candy Man chiefly focuses on the basic animal instincts in men which are brought out effectively by the character of the Ice-Candy Man itself. He doesn’t come across as a positive character yet, Lenny likes him! Even after he abducts ayah and ill treats her, Lenny sympathizes with him. She says she can see him as Godmother sees him treacherous, dangerous†¦. but, yet she considers him harmless! With the novel written in first person and the fact we see everything from Lenny’s perspective, this is significant. That is, we identify with Lenny who in turn identifies with ice-candy man (a royal bastard! ) whom we hate!!! A wonderful irony on human nature!! And, this perhaps can be seen as one possible reason for partition. Also, the novel is terribly biased against politicians. Sidhwa lashes out on politicians especially Indians though there is an indirect sarcasm at Pakistanis as well. And, Ice-Candy Man is a kind of politician or rather the bridge between the common man and cold, calculating, icy politicians. Its portrayal of the suffering of women and ‘abducted’ women’s recovery camp in its full complexities unlike the other texts, is quite meritious. Ayah is abducted and converted into a prostitute; the women in Ranoo’s village are tortured like hell so, much that they prefer death to it. Hamida, is recovered but, her family refuses to accept her. Lenny just can’t bring herself to terms with it: â€Å"Hamida was kidnapped by the Sikhs†, says Godmother seriously. On serious matters I can always trust her to level with me. â€Å"She was taken away to Amritsar. Once that happens, sometimes, the husband-or his family-won’t take her back. † â€Å"Why? It isn’t her fault she was kidnapped! † â€Å"Some folk feel that way-they can’t stand their women being touched by other men. † It’s monstrously unfair: but Godmother’s tone is accepting. I think of what Himat-Ali -alias- Hari once told me when I reached to lift a tiny sparrow that had tumbled from its nest on our veranda. â€Å"Let it be,† he’d stopped me. the mother will take care of it. If our hands touch it, the other sparrows will peck it to death. † â€Å"Even the mother? † I asked. â€Å"Even the mother! † he’d said. It doesn’t make sense – but if that’s how it is. It is. But, though it stresses on women’s suffering, it doesn’t quite question the patriarchal not ions of power and treatment of women as passive victims. No where does it question the use of women's identities and bodies as symbols of community honor and ‘tradition' that makes them targets of violence during sectarian conflicts. It elaborates equally well on the women’s recovery operation and even accepts that it can’t wipe out the past or truly ‘recover’ them, but doesn’t quite question the purpose of it all. This is probably, because the only female character that emerges very strong is Godmother’s but, the power and authority that she exercises is very patriarchal in nature. Lenny’s mother is portrayed as a very feminine character but, she cannot save Ayah from Ice-Candy Man. Though towards the end she says, Give me the (mystic) wine that burns all veils, The wine by which life’s secret is revealed. The wine whose essence is eternity. The wine which opens mysteries concealed. Lift up the curtain, give me power to talk. And make the sparrow struggle with the hawk. – Iqbal The sparrow or the women has to struggle with the hawk or the men in order to survive!! Apart from these, she highlights how religion had transformed (or probably still is) from being a faith or a belief to a weapon. â€Å"One man’s religion is another man’s poison. † Also, unlike the other two texts, this isn’t staged in one country only, though indirectly (through Ranoo) but, it does go to India. Also, there is an indirect mention of Bengal as in Gandhi’s fasting stops riots from reaching Bihar (though Sunlight on a Broken Column too deals with partition at the Bengal border and that too more directly). Besides, at a domestic level, it shows breaking up of families due to death of some members in riots, as in Ranoo’s family. Socially and culturally it well portrays division of people into Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and hence, the colours in the park are gone. As for biases, it is clearly a Pro Parsee, Pro Pakistani novel. Parsees emerge miraculously unaffected by everything on the contrary they are the ones who at times set things right. Lenny’s mother and aunt help their neighbors get petrol, Godmother manages to get Ayah released from the captive of Ice-Candy Man within a fortnight, which had it not been for her would have been consigned to the ingenious bureaucratic eternity of a toddler nation greenly fluttering its flag – with a white strip to represent its minorities. And, though Sidhwa makes a desperate attempt to sit over the fence it collapses in the dinner table scene n epigraph when she blames the British. And, it is very much governed by Political Biases. It is clearly pro Jinnah, and lashes out on Gandhi without quite justifying. On the whole, it brings out the power dynamics and links it well to the basic human tendencies. 1947 Earth focuses on the loss of innocence through the transformation of Dilnavaaz from a common man to a sadistic, cold blooded criminal. It too highlights the basic animal instincts in men. Dilnavaaz says, â€Å"Santabibi, yeh sirf Hindu aur Musalman ki baat nahi hai. Yeh to kuch hum sab he andar hai. Hindu, Musalman, Sikh hum sab haramzadey hain. Sab janwar. Chidyaghar ke us sher ki tarah jissey Lenny baby itna darti hain. Kaisey pada rehta hai is intazar main†¦. ke pinjra khuley aur jab pinjra khulta hai to Aalah he malik hai. † And, then he asks Shantabibi to marry him saying, â€Å"tumhara sath hoga to yeh janwar hai jo yahan merey andar woh kaboo mein rahega. † And when she doesn’t marry him, he abducts her which, brings out the fact women are made victims of men’s hatred and jealousy. Also, it is brings out the psychological implications of the partition very well. The sense of insecurity and fear runs through out the movie. For example, the car scene, the surrounding by the mob at the end etc. Besides, it shows Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsees all equally affected. And, even questions though indirectly as to what religion is when, Lenny’s father comments on the marriage and conversion of Papoo to Christian saying, â€Å"good move, anyways, Hindu Gods don’t count much for the happenings in Lahore this days. † Most importantly, unlike the other two texts, it links it very well with the present and brings out the relevance wonderfully. At the end, what happened to Ayah isn’t clearly stated, Deepa Mehta leave a question mark there but, says, mainey apni Ayah ko us din ke baad kabhi nahi dekha , 1947 ke us din ke bad jab mainey apni Ayah ke sath apney vajud, apney dil ka ek hissa hamesha ke liye kho diya tha† Dissmissing the question on her fate as whatever it was, was obviously tragic and hopeless and instead linking it to our identity and finally, questioning the audience w ith the song, â€Å"Ishwar, Allah†¦. † Because, more than 50 years have passed since partition, and yet the riots haven’t really stopped! Partition was more than anything birth of Hindu-Muslim hatred which will probably never die. As for demerits, it’s a pro India, pro Hindu novel. It’s silent politically, but, openly blames the British without really examining the causes. It is also silent on the women’s recovery operation. Besides, it doesn’t talk of the partition on the Bengal border. But, on the whole, Deepa Mehta has packed a lot in the 3-hour movie and brought the relevance of the partition literature well. Looking at all three texts, simultaneously, I personally, feel Sunlight on a Broken Column questions the traditional historiography at almost all levels unlike Ice-Candy Man and 1947 Earth. So, going by the criteria of questioning traditional historiography, it portrays the Partition of India best. Though even 1947 Earth and Ice-Candy Man do it but, to a lesser extent. 1947 Earth highlights the massacre and suffering and stresses more on the psychological impact and relevance as of date but, it doesn’t question that many or even that far the assumptions of traditional historiography. Ice-Candy Man on the other hand focuses on the ill-treatment of women very well, but, it doesn’t quite question the patriarchal power system and its assumptions.

Telecommunication and Network Technology Advancements

Telecommunications and Net work Telecommunication and network technology advancements allow communicating rapidly with clients and co-workers almost anywhere in the world (Ambrose, 2005). According to Sachenko (2007), firms are getting internetworked enterprises that use the Internet, intranets, and alternative telecommunications networks to support e-business operations and collaboration among the enterprise, the customers, suppliers, and other business partners. Realizing the importance of a profound and comprehensive realization of the multiple aspects that facilitate and determine Electronic commerce (E-commerce), this assignment presents an explanatory theoretical understanding of a company that conducts e-commerce (buying and selling of goods / services over Internet). The conducted work will lead to identification of ways an individual would use the internet to support the business and how an intranet and an extranet can be used in an organisation. Finally, the assignment will present some of the issues an i ndividual would face by using any of the fore mentioned networks. E-Commerce and Group Action Process Systems Most organisations these days have or are considering putting in business on the internet due to the manner in which firms interact with their suppliers, customers, government agencies and alternative business partners. Companies are deriving strategic business worth from the internet, which enables them to disperse information globally. These capabilitiesShow MoreRelatedTechnological Advancements Of The Telecommunications Sector1042 Words   |  5 Pagesfast-paced technology development. A lot of technological advancements took place in this century. Today, the technology is virtually in all sectors especially, a lot of evolution in the Telecommunications Sector. 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